Overview
| Species: | Manihot esculenta |
| Genus: | Manihot |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Taxonomy ID: | 3983 |
| Common Name: | cassava; manioc; yuca. |
Morphology
Introduction
Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a perennial shrub in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to Mexico and Central America. As an important source of carbohydrates after rice, sugarcane and maize, cassava is a staple food for 800 million people in the tropics and subtropics [1-2], and its roots store large amounts of high-quality starch, making it a strategic source of renewable energy and ideal for bioethanol production [3]. It has been shown that 70% of cassava production is used for human consumption and the remaining 30% is used in industries such as adhesives, textiles and paper in the form of starch, glucose and alcohol [4-5]. In addition, the seeds of cassava are rich in oil and fatty acids, which have great potential for biodiesel production [6-7].
The cassava genome sequencing project started in 2003, and the genome assembly and annotation were publicly released in 2009 [8]. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology and the strong demand for genomic breeding, the availability of cassava genomic resources has increased significantly and complete genetic sketches of several germplasm have been published, and the current mainstream reference genome is AM560 v6.1 [9] and the latest version of the reference genome is AM560 v8.1 [10].
Our database contains genomic information of AM560 v6.1 and AM560 v8.1.
The cassava genome sequencing project started in 2003, and the genome assembly and annotation were publicly released in 2009 [8]. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology and the strong demand for genomic breeding, the availability of cassava genomic resources has increased significantly and complete genetic sketches of several germplasm have been published, and the current mainstream reference genome is AM560 v6.1 [9] and the latest version of the reference genome is AM560 v8.1 [10].
Our database contains genomic information of AM560 v6.1 and AM560 v8.1.
Genome information
| Specie type | Genome size | Assembly level | Scaffold N50 | CG content | Browse | Data Source(PMID) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manihot esculenta v8 | 639.6Mb | Chromosome | 33.4Mb | - | In preparation | |
| Manihot esculenta v6 | 582.3Mb | Chromosome | 28.1Mb | - | 27088722 |
Reference
[1] McCallum, E. J., Anjanappa, R. B., & Gruissem, W. (2017). Tackling agriculturally relevant diseases in the staple crop cassava (Manihot esculenta). Current opinion in plant biology, 38, 50-58.
[2] Putpeerawit, P., Sojikul, P., Thitamadee, S., & Narangajavana, J. (2017). Genome-wide analysis of aquaporin gene family and their responses to water-deficit stress conditions in cassava. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 121, 118-127.
[3] Schmitz, P. M., & Kavallari, A. (2009). Crop plants versus energy plants—On the international food crisis. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 17(12), 4020-4021.
[4] Nguyen, T. L. T., Gheewala, S. H., & Garivait, S. (2007). Energy balance and GHG-abatement cost of cassava utilization for fuel ethanol in Thailand. Energy Policy, 35(9), 4585-4596.
[5] Xie, X., Zhang, T., Wang, L., & Huang, Z. (2017). Regional water footprints of potential biofuel production in China. Biotechnology for biofuels, 10(1), 1-15.
[6] Ajiwe, V. I. E., Umerie, S. C., Okeke, C. A., & Oburota, V. N. (1994). Extraction and utilisation of cassava seed oil. Bioresource technology, 47(1), 85-86.
[7] Alves, A. A. C., Manthey, L., Isbell, T., Ellis, D., & Jenderek, M. M. (2014). Diversity in oil content and fatty acid profile in seeds of wild cassava germplasm. Industrial crops and products, 60, 310-315.
[8] Prochnik, S., Marri, P. R., Desany, B., Rabinowicz, P. D., Kodira, C., Mohiuddin, M., ... & Rounsley, S. (2012). The cassava genome: current progress, future directions. Tropical plant biology, 5, 88-94.
[9] Bredeson, J. V., Lyons, J. B., Prochnik, S. E., Wu, G. A., Ha, C. M., Edsinger-Gonzales, E., ... & Rokhsar, D. S. (2016). Sequencing wild and cultivated cassava and related species reveals extensive interspecific hybridization and genetic diversity. Nature biotechnology, 34(5), 562-570.
[10] Bredeson, J.V., Shu, S., Berkoff, K., Lyons, J.B., Caccamo, M., Santos, B., Ovalle, T., Bart, R.S., Augusto Becerra Lopez-Lavalle, L., Carvajal Yepes, M., Aranzales, E., Wenzl, P., Jannink, J.-L., Dyer, S., Rokhsar, D.S. "An improved reference assembly for cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)". In preparation.
[2] Putpeerawit, P., Sojikul, P., Thitamadee, S., & Narangajavana, J. (2017). Genome-wide analysis of aquaporin gene family and their responses to water-deficit stress conditions in cassava. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 121, 118-127.
[3] Schmitz, P. M., & Kavallari, A. (2009). Crop plants versus energy plants—On the international food crisis. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 17(12), 4020-4021.
[4] Nguyen, T. L. T., Gheewala, S. H., & Garivait, S. (2007). Energy balance and GHG-abatement cost of cassava utilization for fuel ethanol in Thailand. Energy Policy, 35(9), 4585-4596.
[5] Xie, X., Zhang, T., Wang, L., & Huang, Z. (2017). Regional water footprints of potential biofuel production in China. Biotechnology for biofuels, 10(1), 1-15.
[6] Ajiwe, V. I. E., Umerie, S. C., Okeke, C. A., & Oburota, V. N. (1994). Extraction and utilisation of cassava seed oil. Bioresource technology, 47(1), 85-86.
[7] Alves, A. A. C., Manthey, L., Isbell, T., Ellis, D., & Jenderek, M. M. (2014). Diversity in oil content and fatty acid profile in seeds of wild cassava germplasm. Industrial crops and products, 60, 310-315.
[8] Prochnik, S., Marri, P. R., Desany, B., Rabinowicz, P. D., Kodira, C., Mohiuddin, M., ... & Rounsley, S. (2012). The cassava genome: current progress, future directions. Tropical plant biology, 5, 88-94.
[9] Bredeson, J. V., Lyons, J. B., Prochnik, S. E., Wu, G. A., Ha, C. M., Edsinger-Gonzales, E., ... & Rokhsar, D. S. (2016). Sequencing wild and cultivated cassava and related species reveals extensive interspecific hybridization and genetic diversity. Nature biotechnology, 34(5), 562-570.
[10] Bredeson, J.V., Shu, S., Berkoff, K., Lyons, J.B., Caccamo, M., Santos, B., Ovalle, T., Bart, R.S., Augusto Becerra Lopez-Lavalle, L., Carvajal Yepes, M., Aranzales, E., Wenzl, P., Jannink, J.-L., Dyer, S., Rokhsar, D.S. "An improved reference assembly for cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)". In preparation.